Symptoms

How to Recognise the Condition

Classic Symptoms

Frequent and painful urination
Burning and stinging during urination
Feeling of incomplete bladder emptying

Urine Changes

Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
Blood in urine (haematuria)
Dark-coloured urine

General Symptoms

Heaviness and lower abdominal pain
Fever in acute cystitis
Weakness and malaise

Diagnostics

How Diagnosis Is Made

Complete urinalysis and urine culture
Bladder and kidney ultrasound
Vaginal swab for flora and STIs
Cystoscopy for chronic form

Treatment

Treatment Methods

Antibiotic therapy (selected by culture result)
Anti-inflammatory drugs and antispasmodics
Physiotherapy procedures
Prophylactic treatment for recurrent episodes

General Information

What Is Cystitis

Cystitis is inflammation of the bladder mucosa. It is one of the most common urological conditions in women: every second woman experiences acute cystitis at least once in her lifetime. Women develop cystitis 5–8 times more often than men due to the anatomical features of the urethra.

The condition can present as an acute episode with pronounced symptoms, or as chronic cystitis with periodic recurrences. Chronic recurrent cystitis requires a special approach to treatment and prevention.

Acute Cystitis

Develops suddenly with vivid symptoms. Pain, burning, and frequent urges appear abruptly and cause significant discomfort. With timely treatment, it resolves in 3–7 days.

Chronic Cystitis

Occurs with 2 or more episodes of cystitis per year. Caused by improper treatment, resistant bacteria, or disrupted microflora. Requires prolonged therapy and prevention.

Bacterial Cystitis

The most common form — caused by E. coli in 80% of cases. Treated with antibiotics selected according to the urine culture result.

Interstitial Cystitis

A special form of chronic cystitis without bacterial infection. Characterised by persistent pain and frequent urination. Requires specialised treatment.

Causes

Why Cystitis Occurs

Hypothermia — one of the most frequent causes
Bacterial infection (E. coli, Staphylococcus, Chlamydia)
Neglecting intimate hygiene rules
Hormonal changes (menopause, pregnancy)
Reduced immunity
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
Disruption of vaginal microflora
Prolonged antibiotic use

Complications

Dangers of Untreated Cystitis

Pyelonephritis — ascending kidney infection
Chronic bladder inflammation
Urethritis — inflammation of the urethra
Development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Impaired bladder function
Complications during pregnancy

⚠️ Important: do not self-medicate

An incorrectly chosen antibiotic will not only fail to cure cystitis, but will create resistant bacteria. Only a urine culture allows selection of a drug that truly works.

Your Doctor

Amanzholova Sholpan Kenzhegalievna

Urologist-Andrologist-Gerontologist · Highest Medical Category · 43 years of experience

Over 5,000 patients. Sensitive approach, full confidentiality. Invivo Medical Center, Aktobe.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Why does cystitis keep coming back?+

Recurrent cystitis signals that the underlying cause has not been addressed: an incorrectly chosen antibiotic, a chronic infection focus, or disrupted microflora. Proper treatment with a urine culture stops recurrences.

Can cystitis be treated at home?+

A first episode can be managed with over-the-counter drugs, but self-treatment of repeated cases is dangerous — bacteria develop resistance. A urine culture and the right antibiotic are needed.

Is cystitis dangerous for the kidneys?+

If untreated, the infection can ascend to the kidneys and cause pyelonephritis. Timely treatment completely prevents this complication.

Book an Appointment

First consultation with 40% discount · Invivo Medical Center, Aktobe
Abulkhair Khan Ave., 71 · Mon–Fri 9:00–18:00, Sat 9:00–14:00

WhatsApp +7 (701) 250-62-71

Treatment of Cystitis in Women in Aktobe